Polyurethane yog dab tsi?
Polyurethane yog ib hom polymer uas yog tsim los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm polyol thiab diisocyanate. Nws yog cov khoom siv ntau yam uas muaj ntau yam kev siv, suav nrog hauv kev tsim kho, kev lag luam tsheb, thiab hauv kev tsim cov rooj tog zaum thiab khau.
Dab tsi yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm polyurethane?
Polyurethane yog cov khoom siv ruaj khov uas tuaj yeem tiv taus hnav thiab tsim kua muag. Nws kuj yog resistant rau abrasion, tshuaj, thiab huab cua. Tsis tas li ntawd, polyurethane tuaj yeem ua rau ntau yam duab thiab ntau thiab tsawg, thiab nws tuaj yeem ua xim thiab ua tiav kom muaj qhov xav tau.
Polyurethane cuam tshuam nrog dab tsi?
Polyurethane paub tias muaj ntau yam tshuaj, suav nrog dej, oxygen, thiab qee yam tshuaj. Cov kev cuam tshuam no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm cov khoom ntawm cov khoom, xws li ua rau nws yooj yim dua los yog tsawg dua, tsis muaj zog lossis muaj zog.
Dej
Polyurethane tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog dej, hu ua hydrolysis. Qhov no tshwm sim thaum lub polyurethane reacts nrog dej molecules nyob ib ncig ntawm nws, uas yuav zom cov polyurethane rau hauv me me pieces. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau cov khoom tsis muaj zog thiab nkig, thiab nws tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau nws cov tsos.
Qee zaum, txawm li cas los xij, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm polyurethane thiab dej tuaj yeem pab tau. Piv txwv li, hydrophilic polyurethane tuaj yeem siv los ua dej thaiv hauv kev tsim kho, vim nws tuaj yeem o thaum raug dej thiab tsim kom muaj lub foob kaw ntom nti.
Oxygen
Polyurethane tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog oxygen, uas tuaj yeem ua rau nws muaj hnub nyoog thiab degrade. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau poob ntawm lub zog thiab hloov pauv, nrog rau kev hloov pauv ntawm cov khoom zoo li.
Txhawm rau tiv thaiv oxidation, cov khoom siv polyurethane feem ntau raug kho nrog cov tshuaj tua kab mob antioxidant lossis UV stabilizers uas tiv thaiv cov khoom los ntawm cov teeb meem ntawm cov pa oxygen thiab UV rays.
Acids thiab alkalis
Polyurethane kuj tuaj yeem ua rau cov kua qaub thiab alkalis, uas tuaj yeem ua rau nws tawg lossis tawg. Qhov no yog vim li cas nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom tsis txhob nthuav tawm cov khoom polyurethane mus rau qib siab ntawm cov kua qaub lossis alkalis.
Cov kuab tshuaj
Polyurethane tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog cov kuab tshuaj, suav nrog cov kuab tshuaj organic xws li acetone thiab benzene. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau cov khoom muag muag, o, lossis ua kom tsis muaj xim, nyob ntawm seb hom hnyav npaum li cas.
Isocyanates
Polyurethane yog tsim los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm polyol thiab diisocyanate. Txawm li cas los xij, diisocyanates lawv tus kheej yog cov tshuaj muaj zog heev uas tuaj yeem ua rau khaus, rhiab, thiab lwm yam teebmeem kev noj qab haus huv.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau saib xyuas diisocyanates nrog kev saib xyuas thiab siv cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv tus kheej tsim nyog, xws li hnab looj tes thiab lub tshuab ua pa, thaum ua haujlwm nrog lawv.
Xaus
Polyurethane yog cov khoom siv ntau yam uas muaj ntau yam khoom siv. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum paub txog nws qhov kev cuam tshuam thiab yuav tsum tau ceev faj kom tsim nyog thaum ua haujlwm nrog nws. Kev nkag siab txog dab tsi polyurethane reacts nrog tuaj yeem pab xyuas kom meej tias nws siv tau zoo thiab muaj txiaj ntsig hauv ntau daim ntawv thov.
